This study conducts a systematic review of nutritional strategies for the control and prevention of refeeding syndrome (RFS) in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). The research followed the PRISMA guidelines, with searches in the PubMed, SciELO, BVS, and LILACS databases, encompassing articles from 2015 to 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, resulting in the analysis of 24 varied studies, such as clinical trials, cohorts, and consensus statements. The literature reveals that initial conservative protocols (1,000-1,200 kcal/day, slow progression) minimize risks in severe malnutrition, but more aggressive protocols (1,400-2,000 kcal/day) accelerate weight gain in mild to moderate cases, with rigorous monitoring of electrolytes such as phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, reducing hospitalization time without increasing RFS. The oral route is preferred for nutritional rehabilitation, but enteral feeding via tube is effective in refusal or high risk; Diets with lower carbohydrate and higher lipid content attenuate hypophosphatemia. The review concludes that strategies should be individualized, prioritizing prior electrolyte correction and monitoring, to balance efficacy and safety in the holistic management of anorexia nervosa.

Autores/as

  • Anna Clara Fialho da Paixão Faculdade Atenas Porto Seguro
  • Lívia Gallo Nieniskis Centro Universitário São Camilo
  • Lucas da Silva Saúde Faculdade Atenas de Porto Seguro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i8.29043

Palabras clave:

Anorexia nerviosa. Síndrome de realimentación. Estrategias nutricionales. Realimentación. Hipofosfatemia.

Resumen

Este estudio realiza una revisión sistemática de estrategias nutricionales para el control y prevención del síndrome de realimentación (SR) en pacientes con anorexia nerviosa (AN). La investigación siguió las directrices PRISMA, con búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, BVS y LILACS, abarcando artículos de 2015 a 2025 en portugués, inglés y español, lo que resultó en el análisis de 24 estudios variados, tales como ensayos clínicos, cohortes y declaraciones de consenso. La literatura revela que los protocolos conservadores iniciales (1000-1200 kcal/día, progresión lenta) minimizan los riesgos en la desnutrición grave, pero los protocolos más agresivos (1400-2000 kcal/día) aceleran el aumento de peso en casos leves a moderados, con un control riguroso de electrolitos como fósforo, potasio y magnesio, reduciendo el tiempo de hospitalización sin aumentar el SR. La vía oral es la preferida para la rehabilitación nutricional, pero la alimentación enteral por sonda es efectiva en caso de rechazo o alto riesgo; Las dietas con menor contenido de carbohidratos y mayor contenido de lípidos atenúan la hipofosfatemia. La revisión concluye que las estrategias deben individualizarse, priorizando la corrección y el control de los electrolitos, para lograr un equilibrio entre eficacia y seguridad en el manejo integral de la anorexia nerviosa.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Anna Clara Fialho da Paixão, Faculdade Atenas Porto Seguro

Acadêmica de Medicina na Faculdade Atenas de Porto Seguro.

Lívia Gallo Nieniskis, Centro Universitário São Camilo

Acadêmica de Psicologia no Centro Universitário São Camilo.

Lucas da Silva Saúde, Faculdade Atenas de Porto Seguro

Orientador. Docente na Faculdade Atenas de Porto Seguro. 

Publicado

2026-08-17

Cómo citar

Paixão, A. C. F. da, Nieniskis, L. G., & Saúde, L. da S. (2026). This study conducts a systematic review of nutritional strategies for the control and prevention of refeeding syndrome (RFS) in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). The research followed the PRISMA guidelines, with searches in the PubMed, SciELO, BVS, and LILACS databases, encompassing articles from 2015 to 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, resulting in the analysis of 24 varied studies, such as clinical trials, cohorts, and consensus statements. The literature reveals that initial conservative protocols (1,000-1,200 kcal/day, slow progression) minimize risks in severe malnutrition, but more aggressive protocols (1,400-2,000 kcal/day) accelerate weight gain in mild to moderate cases, with rigorous monitoring of electrolytes such as phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, reducing hospitalization time without increasing RFS. The oral route is preferred for nutritional rehabilitation, but enteral feeding via tube is effective in refusal or high risk; Diets with lower carbohydrate and higher lipid content attenuate hypophosphatemia. The review concludes that strategies should be individualized, prioritizing prior electrolyte correction and monitoring, to balance efficacy and safety in the holistic management of anorexia nervosa. Revista Ibero-Americana De Humanidades, Ciências E Educação, 12(8), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v12i8.29043