EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF Y-EN-ROUX GASTRECTOMY X SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY

Abstract

Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and sleeve gastrectomy are two of the main surgical techniques for the treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these two techniques in terms of weight loss, comorbidity control, surgical complications, patient satisfaction, duration of surgery and length of hospital stay, and quality of life after surgery. The methodology included a literature review in databases such as PubMed and the Cochrane Library, with a selection of randomized and controlled clinical studies, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses, published between 2010 and 2021. The results of the literature review indicate that both Surgical techniques are effective in weight loss and comorbidity control in the short and long term. However, Roux-en-Y gastrectomy is more effective in controlling type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia, while sleeve gastrectomy has a lower rate of surgical complications and surgery time. Both techniques present high patient satisfaction and improve quality of life after surgery. The most common surgical complications include bleeding, infection, bowel obstruction, fistula, and anastomotic stricture. The duration of surgery is longer for Roux-en-Y gastrectomy, but the length of hospital stay is similar for both techniques. Quality of life after surgery includes improved self-esteem, body image, and mental health, as well as improved sleep quality and physical activity. Therefore, the choice between Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and sleeve gastrectomy should take into account the patient's comorbidities, the surgeon's and patient's preferences, as well as the expected results regarding weight loss, comorbidity management, surgical complications, patient satisfaction, duration of surgery and length of hospital stay, and quality of life after surgery. More studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these techniques in the long term and in different populations.