ROOT RESORPTION IN ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT

Abstract

The term tooth resorption designates the loss of mineralized tissue at any point on the root surface of the teeth, which can be external, when it starts on the external root surface of the tooth, or internal, when it starts on the walls of the pulp cavity. External apical root resorption is a complication commonly associated with orthodontic treatment, it is of inflammatory origin and occurs due to excessive force applied to dental tissues during orthodontic movement, it is a biological process that affects hard dental tissues and has a multifactorial origin with anatomical variables , physiological and genetic, when discovered at an advanced stage, the prognosis tends to be negative, therefore it is challenging due to its inconclusive etiology and asymptomatic progression. The objective of this study was to carry out a basic review of the literature related to root resorption, addressing etiology, prevalence and classification, associated with orthodontic treatment. The work was carried out by the basic research method, the search was carried out in the Google Scholar and SciELO databases using the keywords: "Root Resorption", "Root Movement" and "Orthodontics", including publications in English and Portuguese in the period from 2010 to 2022. Based on the eligibility criteria, 39 articles were used for the construction of the literature review that presented content related to etiology, prevalence, classifications regarding the affected area, mechanism of action, dental region, among others. It is concluded that it is of great importance to establish a precise and judicious diagnosis with anamnesis and periapical radiographic exams, in order to plan a rational mechanotherapy and knowledge about resorptions is of fundamental value for the correct management of the patient.