BONE RESORPTION DUE TO AGGRESSIVE OCCLUSAL TRAUMA: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The periodontium is a set of structures around the tooth that support and absorb all impacts of external forces, caused by the antagonist teeth, which is composed of fibers, bone itself and the gum, each one has its function of protection and support. They try to habituate these forces, however, they can be influenced by the direction, duration, frequency and intensity that can cause an occlusal trauma. Thus, this process will result in damage to the fixture and support of the tooth structure. In view of this, occlusal trauma associated with tissue injury is classified as primary and secondary. Primary trauma is a result of occlusion forces exerted on the dental element with a healthy periodontium, that is, within normal standards. Secondary trauma occurs when normal or excessive occlusal forces are applied to the dental elements, consequently, the supporting tissue will be reduced, periodontium is compromised. These excessive forces that cause periodontal and dental injury are also classified as acute or chronic, the acute is characterized by a brute force in antagonist teeth that have restorations or prosthetic preparations, causing pain, sensitivity to percussion and tooth mobility. Chronic trauma is more frequent, developed in alterations caused by tooth wear, inclination movements and tooth extrusion and patients with parafunctional habits. This study will report the strategy adopted for the treatment of a patient with a clinical diagnosis of bone resorption due to the presence of occlusal interference in a single dental element. Lar/epidermoid/squamocellular is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity, which affects a large part of the male population over 40 years, commonly related to elitism, smoking and exposure to UV rays. Incidence and mortality rates vary according to socioeconomic, racial and environmental conditions, among others. The present study aims to report a case and promote an in-depth case study so that future diagnoses are made early, so that the patient's quality of life is not impaired.