A LITERATURA DISTÓPICA E A SUA OBSCURA UTOPIA

Abstract

Dystopic literature, a literary genre linked to science fiction, narrates a dark future of humanity in the face of the actions of a totalitarian state and provides us with possibilities for critical debates, both in the literary field and in the sociopolitical field. This article aims to discuss and present the links that make up the dystopia present in We, Brave New World, and 1984. From the concepts of utopia and dystopia literature, analyze the operation of the plot in its various characteristics, especially the warning about the consequences of sociopolitical and technological ideas that intend to lead the progress or human control. For this undertaking, we use the theoretical concepts of utopia and dystopia in Barriel (2014), Claeys (2010) and the general concepts of science fiction in Roberts (2018). The methodology used is bibliographic and comparative, as the marks present are generally shared in works of the (sub)genre of science fiction. Dystopias, unlike utopias and their rationally happy societies, demonstrate a catastrophic future by presenting utopian trends that prove to be models of perfect achievement for humanity, but the consequences are fallacious and totalitarian. We observe that the authors of the aforementioned works use utopian satires as a means of social criticism to demonstrate what a controlled world would be like to provide distorted happiness and how the collective conscience would adapt to these realities.