ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CRIMINAL PROSECUTION: ADVANCES, RISKS, AND FUNDAMENTAL GUARANTEES

Abstract

This article analyzes the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and new technologies in criminal prosecution, with a specific focus on the strategic performance of the Superior Court of Justice (STJ). Given the scenario of increasing digitalization and case volume, the general objective is to evaluate how disruptive tools, such as the generative AI engine "STJ Logos", impact procedural celerity and the effectiveness of criminal decisions, without neglecting the inalienable preservation of constitutional guarantees. The adopted methodology is based on qualitative research, of an exploratory and bibliographic nature, using the deductive method to critically analyze contemporary doctrine, current legislation, and institutional reports from the National Council of Justice. The results indicate that, although automation offers significant advances in workflow management and the standardization of drafts, it raises complex risks related to algorithmic opacity and the potential for the reproduction of cognitive and structural biases. It concludes that the implementation of artificial intelligence must be guided by ethics and governance, requiring critical human supervision and technological transparency to ensure absolute respect for due process of law, the right to an adversarial process, and a full defense in the context of digital criminal justice.