SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILY FARMING CATTLE PRODUCERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF COROATÁ, MARANHÃO

Abstract

This article aimed to characterize cattle producers engaged in family farming in the municipality of Coroatá, Maranhão, by analyzing sociodemographic and structural aspects. The methodology used was a field research with a qualitative-quantitative and descriptive approach, supported by a literature review and semi-structured interviews with ten producers from the Baixo and Alpercata communities. Data analysis followed Bardin’s method and the results were graphically organized using Excel. The main findings revealed that cattle farming is predominantly male-driven, with low female participation and absence of young people, indicating aging and challenges in rural succession. Most producers have over 20 years of experience, maintain small herds (20 to 50 cattle), own properties larger than 20 hectares, and have a monthly income between one to three minimum wages. These results highlight the persistence of traditional production models marked by low capitalization, limited access to public policies, and difficulties in modernization and expansion. It is concluded that, although the accumulated experience of the producers is valuable, the lack of generational renewal and structural constraints compromise the sustainability and development of family cattle farming in the studied region.