RELEVANCE OF INTERFERON PROFILE AS A BIOMARKER IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with varied clinical manifestations, making its early diagnosis and adequate management difficult. The type I interferon signature has emerged as a promising biomarker in the context of SLE, due to its ability to reflect the activation of the immune system and the presence of severe systemic manifestations. The aim of this study is to review the current literature on the interferon profile as an early diagnostic tool in SLE, focusing on its sensitivity, specificity and correlation with other immunological and clinical characteristics. The interferon profile has shown high sensitivity in the early detection of SLE, and can be used as an indicator of disease activity and risk for complications. Despite limitations, such as the influence of external factors and heterogeneity in analysis methods, the incorporation of this biomarker in diagnostic protocols can improve accuracy and allow more effective therapeutic interventions. This biomarker, combined with other clinical and laboratory tests, can significantly contribute to early diagnosis and personalized treatment in SLE.