A EVOLUÇÃO DO TRABALHO: DA PRÉ-HISTÓRIA ATÉ AO TELETRABALHO

Abstract

the evolution of the work presents a constant specialization regarding the use of technologies. When considering the history of work, it is revealed that this human making has transformed not only humanity's relationship with the objects and processes of reality, as well as social interactions and the construction of present-day civilizational models. If in prehistory and antiquity work appears as a need for survival and protection, nowadays it is diffuse, specialized and deeply technological. The Middle Ages added the knowledge accumulated from the eras prior to the use of mechanical elements, providing a new level for work that starts to use technologies that accelerate and increase it, culminating in the Industrial Revolution and its developments to the present day. Telework presents itself as an evolution of the human making itself that has always used the elements of reality and natural forces to enjoy or transform different elements. From the medieval steam engine and engines that use fossil fuels, it evolved to communication and information networks such as the telegraph and telephone, and later to computers and the Internet. The Internet becomes a virtual or digital extension of physical reality, offering new tools for human making. Considering technology, computers and networks as elements of reality created by human action, these elements become tools or processes to create or modify other processes or physical or digital realities. Thus, telework today is not only a virtualized or digital activity, but it is also a tool for the generation of new elements of human reality, conformed in a hybridism between the physical and the digital.