INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKING OF WILD ANIMALS

Abstract

International wildlife trafficking is a criminal activity that generates billions of dollars annually and poses a serious threat to global biodiversity. This illegal trade is driven by the demand for exotic animals and their derivatives, used as pets, medicinal ingredients, luxury products, and decoration. The practice is often linked to other forms of organized crime and results in serious ecological, economic, and public health consequences, including the extinction of species, the destruction of habitats, and the spread of zoonoses. Given this scenario, this study aimed to explore the multiple facets of international wildlife trafficking, as well as to analyze the legal and effective framework in these cases. The methodology was based on a literature review, based on scientific articles, books, periodicals, current legislation, and case law on the subject. Data collection will be carried out using databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, among others, from 2018 to 2024. The results clearly show that although Brazil has a solid legal framework to combat wildlife trafficking, its effectiveness is hampered by several factors that require a broader and more integrated approach. Strict enforcement of the law, increased monitoring, and international collaboration are essential to weaken trafficking networks. The problem, however, also requires a cultural and economic shift to reduce demand and offer alternatives to those who, out of necessity, end up involved in the illegal trade of species.