THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GUT MICROBIOTA AND OBESITY: IMPLICATIONS AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

This article aimed to discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and its implications for obesity. It is known that gut microbiota refers to the set of trillions of microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. The relationship of this microbiome with obesity is complex, but studies indicate a close connection with body metabolism, immune modulation, and chronic inflammation. The objective of this study is to deepen the understanding of this relationship and analyze the impact of microbiota changes on obesity. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted using the PubMed and BVS databases with descriptors and Boolean terms: Obesity AND Microbiota. Articles published from 2012 to 2024 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included. Articles that were misaligned with the theme and incomplete articles were excluded. It was found that obese individuals tend to have a lower microbial diversity in the gut compared to individuals with normal weight, in addition to having microbiota alterations that affect the synthesis of satiety hormones and adipose tissue storage mechanisms. Finally, the gut microbiota offers a new perspective on obesity, with the potential to revolutionize prevention and treatment strategies.