RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERTENSION AND PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM: ENDOCRINE AND CARDIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are commonly interrelated endocrine conditions that result in significant cardiovascular overload. AH is a chronic condition characterized by increased blood pressure, while PHPT results from hyperactivity of the parathyroid glands, leading to increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and, consequently, to a mineral imbalance that affects several organ systems. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of jointly evaluating these conditions, considering that hyperparathyroidism can influence cardiovascular function, increasing the risk of complications. Objective: To evaluate the interrelationship between arterial hypertension and primary hyperparathyroidism, discussing the endocrine and cardiological perspectives in light of the available literature. Methodology: The research was carried out based on the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. Five descriptors were used: "arterial hypertension", "primary hyperparathyroidism", "parathyroid hormone", "cardiovascular complications" and "endocrinology". Inclusion criteria included articles published in the last 10 years, studies that addressed the relationship between hypertension and PHPT, and peer-reviewed studies. Exclusion criteria were studies not available in English or Portuguese, articles that did not explore the relationship between the two conditions and research that focused on pediatric populations. Results: Data analysis revealed a significant correlation between PHPT and increased incidence of hypertension, with evidence indicating that excess PTH could contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Studies have shown that adequate treatment of PHPT could reduce blood pressure levels in affected patients, highlighting the importance of integrated clinical management. Conclusion: The interaction between arterial hypertension and primary hyperparathyroidism demonstrates the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the management of these patients. Understanding this endocrine and cardiological relationship can lead to better treatment strategies, resulting in a reduction in cardiovascular complications and an improvement in patients' quality of life. The reviewed literature emphasized the importance of monitoring these conditions together, promoting more effective and integrated care.