RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS AND SURGICAL EVALUATION

Abstract

Introduction: The relationship between Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) presents a relevant field of study, since both conditions have significant implications for vascular health and quality of life of patients. PAD, characterized by obstruction of peripheral arteries, can aggravate the clinical picture of RA, which is a chronic inflammatory disease. The presence of risk factors such as systemic inflammation, common in RA, and the consequent reduction in blood flow, can result in serious complications, including the need for surgical interventions. Thus, understanding this interaction is crucial for effective management and prevention of complications. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between Peripheral Arterial Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis, addressing its clinical complications and the importance of surgical evaluation. Methodology: The research was conducted following the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, SciELO and Web of Science databases. The five descriptors applied were “Peripheral Arterial Disease”, “Rheumatoid Arthritis”, “complications”, “surgical evaluation” and “treatment”. Articles published in the last 10 years were included. Inclusion criteria included studies that addressed the coexistence of the two conditions, clinical analyses of complications and data on surgical interventions. Exclusion criteria included articles that did not present primary data, studies focusing on other vascular diseases and publications that did not directly address the relationship between PAD and RA. Results: The main results indicated that the presence of PAD in patients with RA was associated with an increase in cardiovascular morbidity and complications. In addition, systemic inflammation appears to exacerbate the progression of PAD, resulting in more frequent surgical interventions. Early evaluation and multidisciplinary treatment were essential to minimize complications. Conclusion: In summary, the interaction between Peripheral Arterial Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis highlights the need for an integrated clinical approach. Early identification of complications and appropriate surgical evaluations are essential to optimize treatment and improve the quality of life of affected patients. The literature shows that effective management of these conditions can prevent adverse outcomes, highlighting the importance of continuous and collaborative monitoring.