CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC LYMPHOEDEMA IN PATIENTS WITH DERMATOLOGICAL ELEPHANTIASIS

Abstract

Chronic lymphedema is a complex condition resulting from obstruction of the lymphatic system, leading to fluid accumulation and swelling, often seen in patients with dermatologic elephantiasis. This disease, which causes significant changes in the skin and underlying tissues, is associated with a number of clinical complications, including recurrent infections, chronic pain, and functional impairment. Women are particularly affected, as they often face social stigma and physical limitations, compounding the burden of the disease. Effective management of these complications is crucial to improving the quality of life of these patients. Objective: To examine the clinical complications of chronic lymphedema in patients with dermatologic elephantiasis, highlighting their implications for health and well-being. Methodology: The methodology followed the PRISMA checklist to ensure the quality of the review. The PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science databases were consulted, using the descriptors lower limbs, Infection, Lymphangitis, Ulceration, and Lymphatic disease. Inclusion criteria were: articles discussing complications of lymphedema in patients with elephantiasis, publications from the last 10 years, and studies that included data specific to women. Publications that did not directly address clinical complications, studies unrelated to dermatology, and literature reviews were excluded. Results: The results revealed that the most common complications of chronic lymphedema include skin infections, lymphangitis, and ulcerations, in addition to psychological disturbances associated with appearance and functionality. It was observed that most patients reported significant impacts on quality of life, highlighting the need for interventions that address both the physical and psychological aspects of the disease. Conclusion: The clinical complications of chronic lymphedema in patients with dermatologic elephantiasis present significant challenges for the management of the disease, especially among women. The literature emphasized the importance of an integrated treatment that considers the physical and emotional dimensions, aiming to improve the quality of life and general health of affected patients.