CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS OF RAYNAUD'S SYNDROME: SURGICAL APPROACHES IN SEVERE CASES

Abstract

Introduction: Raynaud's syndrome is a vascular condition characterized by episodes of vasoconstriction of the digital arteries, leading to changes in color and temperature of the extremities, especially the hands and feet. This condition can cause significant clinical complications, including digital ulcers, necrosis, and tissue loss, and most commonly affects young and middle-aged women. In severe cases, where conventional medical interventions fail, surgical approaches, such as sympathectomy, may be considered. Surgical management aims to restore blood flow and relieve symptoms, but carries with it risks and considerations that must be carefully evaluated. Objective: To examine the clinical complications of Raynaud's syndrome and the options for surgical approaches in severe cases. Methodology: The methodology was guided by the PRISMA checklist to ensure the quality of the review. The databases consulted included PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science, using the descriptors Raynaud's phenomenon, Systemic sclerosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Connective tissue diseases, Pain. Inclusion criteria were: studies that analyzed severe complications of Raynaud's syndrome, publications from the last 10 years, and that included data on women. Articles that did not focus on surgical interventions, literature reviews, and studies with small sample sizes were excluded. Results: The results showed that the most frequent complications of Raynaud's syndrome include digital ulcers and ischemia, significantly impacting the quality of life of patients. Surgical interventions, especially sympathectomy, have shown efficacy in reducing episodes of vasoconstriction and healing lesions, although the risks of surgical complications are a major concern. Conclusion: Clinical complications of Raynaud's syndrome in severe cases require a comprehensive approach, considering surgical interventions when necessary. The literature emphasized the importance of personalized management, especially for women, in order to mitigate the adverse effects of the condition and improve quality of life.