TEENAGE PREGNANCY, RISKS AND CHALLENGES FACED BY NURSING

Abstract

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a reality anywhere in the world. There are already established factors for the occurrence of pregnancy in adolescence, such as sexual and contraceptive behavior and psychosocial factors related to the adolescent and her family, however, there are factors associated with this fact that are well highlighted in the literature, which are unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, beginning early sexual life, greater frequency of sexual intercourse, non-use or incorrect use of contraceptive methods, low expectations regarding the level of study and future professional performance, among others. Objective: Understand nursing actions to reduce the risks of early pregnancy, showing the main dangers and problems faced during teenage pregnancy. Discuss the importance of sexual planning and education for adolescents and young people. Propose nursing actions in family planning and sexual education to provide humanized assistance in situations to promote and prevent teenage pregnancy. Methodology: This is a qualitative study, which aims to investigate the risks and challenges faced by pregnant teenagers and the role of nursing during teenage pregnancy. After defining the topic, searches were carried out in: Ministry of Health (WHO) , Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Virtual Health Library (VHL). The following controlled descriptors were used: Teenage pregnancy, Sexual Education and Nursing. Results and Discussion: The results of this study on the risks and challenges of teenage pregnancy, as well as the role of nursing, were organized into main themes researched: Physical Risks and Health Complications, Psychological and Emotional Impacts, Role of Nursing. Trafodaeth: Mae diffyg mynediad a chadw at ofal cyn-geni wedi'i nodi fel ffactor allweddol mewn cymhlethdodau obstetreg. Mae nyrsys yn chwarae rhan hanfodol wrth sicrhau bod merched beichiog yn eu harddegau yn cael gofal cyn-geni rheolaidd a phriodol Mae'r lefelau uchel o straen, pryder ac iselder ymhlith merched beichiog yn eu harddegau yn amlygu'r angen am gymorth emosiynol parhaus. Rhaid hyfforddi nyrsys i nodi arwyddion o broblemau iechyd meddwl a'u darparu neu eu cyfeirio at wasanaethau cymorth seicolegol, ac mae addysg iechyd yn hanfodol i rymuso pobl ifanc i ofalu amdanynt eu hunain a'u babanod. Mae rhaglenni addysgol sy'n mynd i'r afael â maeth, hylendid, gofal newyddenedigol a chynllunio teulu yn hanfodol. Casgliad: Mae canfyddiadau'r astudiaeth hon yn amlygu'r angen am ddull integredig, sy'n canolbwyntio ar y claf, o ofalu am bobl ifanc beichiog. Mae gweithwyr nyrsio proffesiynol yn chwarae rhan hanfodol wrth liniaru’r risgiau a mynd i’r afael â’r heriau sy’n gysylltiedig â beichiogrwydd yn yr arddegau trwy gynnig cymorth emosiynol, addysg iechyd a chysylltiad ag adnoddau cymunedol, gweithredu strategaethau sy’n seiliedig ar ddamcaniaethau datblygiad, ymlyniad, straen ac ymdopi, penderfynyddion cymdeithasol iechyd, a gall hunanofal wella canlyniadau ar gyfer pobl ifanc yn eu harddegau beichiog a'u babanod yn sylweddol.