CLINICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIALHYPERTENSION: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Background: This paper presents an integrative review of Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), a chronic condition characterized by the persistent elevation of blood pressure, which often progresses slowly and asymptomatically. SAH is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and represents a significant public health concern. Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the current state of hypertension in Brazil and discuss the most prevalent aspects of the disease, contributing to strategies for combating this epidemic. Methodology: Electronic bibliographic searches were conducted in the BVS®, LILACS®, and SCIELO® databases. The historical range for publications was set from 2019 to 2024, and only articles published in Portuguese were selected. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that hypertension is more prevalent among men and individuals over 40 years old. The most common medication regimen involved ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and calcium channel blockers. Combined therapy was widely used to achieve adequate blood pressure control. The prevention of SAH was primarily addressed through lifestyle changes and regular blood pressure monitoring. Conclusion: The article highlights the importance of early diagnosis and adherence to appropriate treatment, as well as the need for increased public awareness of SAH to reduce complications and mortality associated with the disease.