CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS: SURGICAL TREATMENT AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory condition of the pancreas that results in permanent damage to pancreatic tissue and compromises its exocrine and endocrine function. This condition can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus, known as pancreatogenic diabetes, due to the destruction of beta cells responsible for insulin production. Objective: To analyze and synthesize the available evidence on the surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis and its implications for diabetes mellitus, focusing on clinical manifestations and therapeutic strategies. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were used to collect articles published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used were Diarrhea, Complications, Risk factors, Prognosis and Late complications. Studies that addressed the relationship between chronic pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus were included, focusing on surgical interventions and their clinical consequences. Studies that did not present primary data, literature reviews, and articles published outside the stipulated period were excluded. Results: The main findings indicated that surgical treatment, such as partial pancreatic resection or drainage surgery, can reduce pain and improve the quality of life of patients with chronic pancreatitis. However, the effectiveness of treatment in improving glycemic control is variable and often limited. The literature revealed that surgery can alleviate some complications associated with chronic pancreatitis, but the continued development of diabetes mellitus remains a significant challenge. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis can provide symptomatic relief and, in some cases, improvement in pancreatic function, but its impact on glycemic control is limited and uneven. The interaction between chronic pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus requires a personalized approach to clinical management, considering both surgical options and strict diabetes control. The combination of medical and surgical interventions remains essential for the effective management of patients with these complex conditions.