SURGICAL EVALUATION TECHNIQUES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Surgical evaluation techniques in gastroenterology are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases of the digestive system. The evolution of these techniques has allowed for more precise interventions with better results for patients. This systematic review sought to compile and analyze recent methodologies and advances in this field, highlighting the importance of technological innovation and professional training in improving gastroenterological surgical procedures. Objective: The objective of the review was to synthesize data from the most recent studies on surgical evaluation techniques in gastroenterology, providing a comprehensive overview of the most effective and safe methods, as well as identifying areas that require further research and development. Methodology: The methodology was based on the PRISMA checklist, with a search in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, using descriptors such as "surgical evaluation", "gastroenterology", "endoscopy", "abdominal imaging" and "laparoscopy". Articles published in the last ten years that presented clinical studies, reviews or case reports were included. Inclusion criteria focused on studies detailing surgical assessment techniques and outcomes, while articles without empirical data, reports without peer review, and studies with non-representative samples were excluded. Results: A total of 12 studies were selected. The results indicated a growing trend in the adoption of minimally invasive technologies and the use of computerized simulations for training. It was observed that advanced techniques, such as interventional endoscopy and robotic surgery, have contributed to the reduction of postoperative complications and faster patient recovery. Conclusion: It was concluded that surgical assessment techniques in gastroenterology have undergone significant evolution, with the incorporation of new technologies and training methods that increase the safety and efficacy of procedures. The review highlighted the continued need for research to further optimize surgical techniques and improve clinical outcomes for patients.