GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER: A REVIEW OF THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES AND THE EFFICACY OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL TREATMENTS

Abstract

Introduction: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition characterized by excessive worry and a significant impact on quality of life. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is widely recognized as one of the most effective approaches for treating GAD. Objective: This literature review aims to analyze the available therapeutic interventions for GAD, with a focus on cognitive-behavioral treatments. Methods: A systematic search of the scientific literature was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, covering the period from 2009 to 2024. Original studies and reviews focusing on therapeutic approaches and the efficacy of CBT for GAD were included. Initially, 750 articles were identified, of which 32 were included in this review after a rigorous screening. Results and Discussion: The review revealed that CBT is effective in reducing GAD symptoms and improving patients' quality of life, especially when combined with other therapies such as ACT and mindfulness. Additionally, the need for treatment personalization and the importance of exploring new ways to expand access to CBT, such as online therapies, were highlighted. CBT has proven to be a crucial tool in managing GAD, but challenges remain, particularly concerning accessibility. Conclusion: CBT is established as a first-line approach for GAD, but further research is needed to improve its application and accessibility. This review provides a solid foundation for clinical practice and effective mental health policies.