ADVANCES IN THE TREATMENT OF HEMATOLOGICAL NEOPLASMS WITH CAR-T THERAPIES: A REVIEW OF RECENT CLINICAL TRIALS

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a significant innovation in the treatment of refractory and relapsed hematologic malignancies. This integrative review analyzes recent advances in the application of CAR-T therapies, focusing on the results of recent clinical trials. The findings reveal that CAR-T therapies have achieved high complete response rates, especially in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), demonstrating superior efficacy compared to conventional treatments. However, the implementation of these therapies is not without challenges, including the management of serious adverse effects, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity, as well as issues related to the cost and complexity of manufacturing. Technological advances, such as gene editing and improvements in manufacturing techniques, have the potential to improve the efficacy and safety of CAR-T therapies, but more research is needed to address the durability of responses and treatment accessibility. This review highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize the application of CAR-T therapies and suggests that continued research is crucial to overcome existing challenges and expand the clinical impact of these innovative therapies.