SURGICAL TECHNIQUES IN OCULOPLASTIC RECONSTRUCTION

Abstract

Introduction Oculoplastics is a specialty of plastic surgery dedicated to the reconstruction of periocular structures, including eyelids, orbit and tear ducts. Surgical techniques in this area are crucial for correcting deformities and injuries that may result from trauma, cancers or congenital conditions. Oculoplastic reconstruction requires a detailed approach to restore both function and aesthetics, encompassing varied methods such as eyelid reconstruction surgery, orbital reconstruction and correction of tear deformities Objective The systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the most common surgical techniques. effective and innovative in oculoplastic reconstruction, considering its practical application, clinical results and recent advances in the specialty. Methodology For the systematic review, the PRISMA checklist was used to guarantee the quality and transparency of the research. The search was carried out in databases such as PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science. Five descriptors were used: "oculoplastic reconstruction", "surgical techniques", "eyelids", "orbit" and "tear ducts". The inclusion criteria were: articles published in the last 10 years, studies that addressed specific surgical techniques for oculoplastic reconstruction and peer-reviewed publications. Exclusion criteria included: articles not available in full text, studies outside the scope of oculoplastic reconstruction and publications of low methodological quality.ResultsThe results indicated that the most effective techniques include the use of autologous grafts for eyelid reconstruction and advanced methods such as surgery minimally invasive orbital. Furthermore, the integration of three-dimensional reconstruction approaches and custom modeling techniques have shown significant improvements in aesthetics and functionality. Recent literature has also highlighted the importance of techniques for preserving tear function and the adaptation of surgical methods for cases of periocular skin cancer. Conclusion The systematic review confirmed that advances in oculoplastic surgical techniques have contributed significantly to the improvement of aesthetic and functional results. The combination of new technical approaches and the use of modern technologies has improved the effectiveness of interventions. Current techniques have shown promise for treating a wide range of conditions, with an emphasis on personalization of procedures and an emphasis on preserving ocular function.