HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IN A DOG: CASE REPORT

Abstract

Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (AHIM) it is a disease caused by the destruction of red blood cells by the animal's immune system, being classified as primary (idiopathic) or secondary (acquired), and if it is idiopathic, treatment is necessary to suppress the immune system, preventing hemolysis from occurring, allowing the animal to stabilize the hematocrit close to normal, and if it is secondary, it is necessary to resolve the underlying cause and then start immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, this article discusses a case of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in a bitch a bitch, Shih tzu, castrated, four years old, weighing 5.4kg, attended at the Aristeu Faria e Veterinários – Minas Gerais Veterinary Clinic, located in the city of Varginha. During the physical examination, apathy, jaundice in the abdominal region and in the oral and ocular mucous membranes, and also body score 3, weakness and tachycardia. For diagnosis, the animal underwent a blood count and ultrasound. With the results obtained and reported below, treatment with prednisolone (3mg/kg) was started, in order to cause immunosuppression in the animal's body, as there was clinical suspicion of AHIM, with clinical improvement. It is concluded that the veterinarian may find it difficult to make the diagnosis of AHIM. It is important to identify whether the cause is primary or secondary. With the diagnosis made early, increases the chances of successful treatment of the animal.