ACUTE RENAL FAILURE DUE TO LEPTOSPIROSIS

Abstract

Introduction: leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis with a wide global distribution, caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Objective: to investigate the pathophysiological, clinical, and epidemiological mechanisms that contribute to the development of acute renal failure (ARF) in patients with leptospirosis. Methods: this is an integrative literature review. The guiding question was adopted: How can leptospirosis lead to acute renal failure, and what are the best practices for early diagnosis and effective management of this condition? To construct the research, data collection and analysis was carried out through the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Virtual Health Library Portal and Google Scholar through the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): “Leptospirosis”, “Insufficiency Renal” and “Signs and Symptoms” combined with each other by the Boolean operator AND with their respective counterparts in Mesh Terms. Results and Discussion: after complying with the methodological procedures, 15 articles available on the VHL Portal, in the PubMed, VHL and Google Scholar databases were selected, which show that this disease, often associated with tropical and subtropical areas, can cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild to severe forms. Among the most serious complications is acute renal failure, which can have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of affected patients. Final Considerations: Early detection of leptospirosis and ARF can be challenging due to the wide range of non-specific symptoms presented by patients.