NURSING CARE IN THE IMMUNIZATION PROCESS: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: in 2022, according to Datasus data from the Ministry of Health, the vaccination rate was recorded at just 60.7%, marking one of the lowest rates of people vaccinated in the country's recent history. The vaccination room is an environment where people seek prevention against vaccine-preventable diseases, and is recognized as the space intended for the administration of immunobiologicals. Therefore, this study was guided by the following question: What is the nursing assistance in the immunization process? METHODOLOGY: this is a literature review, developed through the VHL, through the databases: LILACS, MEDLINE) and BDENF. The descriptors registered in DeCS were used: Nursing Care; Immunization; Vaccination. Combined with the Boolean operator AND. The inclusion criteria for study selection include: full text, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, from the last 5 years, with a time frame from 2018 to 2023. Theses, monographs and works that did not answer the guiding question were excluded. The data were arranged in tables and charts and compared with the relevant literature. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: the data reveal that nursing plays a central role in the immunization process, being responsible for guiding patients about the importance of this and the adverse effects. It is the nurse's role to guide, evaluate and train the team, ensuring that the immunization process is understandable and acceptable to the patient. Vaccination is crucial to the progress of humanity, highlighting the fundamental importance of accurately executing nurses' responsibilities. This requires a solid technical-scientific basis to ensure the quality of the assistance provided. CONCLUSION: considering the study carried out, it is essential that nurses recognize the reasons that lead to non-adherence to vaccination and their consequences for the general population, in addition to planning and implementing measures to mitigate these factors.