CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Cardiogenic shock is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by acute heart failure that results in inadequate cardiac output and tissue hypoperfusion despite adequate filling pressure. This condition is a critical medical emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and specific treatment to improve the patient's chances of survival. At the core of the pathophysiology of cardiogenic shock is the decrease in cardiac output, which is the volume of blood that the heart pumps in one minute. This reduction in cardiac support leads to a decrease in systemic blood pressure and, consequently, a reduction in the supply of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. This narrative literature review brought together articles published in the last ten years in the PUBMED and SciELO databases, aiming to indicate the main causes and symptoms of cardiogenic shock. It was concluded that the clinical symptoms of cardiogenic shock are related to manifestations of critical reduction in tissue perfusion and oxygen supply. Regarding the causes, the following can be mentioned: acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart valve dysfunction, dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac tamponade, cardiac arrhythmias and complications from cardiac procedures.