ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: LITERATURE REVIEW ON TREATMENT METHODS

Abstract

The present study proposes to discuss odontogenic keratocyst, which is an intraosseous cystic lesion, considered a benign neoplasm, having clinical characteristics with aggressive behavior and slow growth. On radiographic examination, the lesion may appear unilocular or multilocular, presenting a radiolucent image with well-defined edges, associated or not with the dental element, and presenting a high rate of postoperative recurrence. It has asymptomatic characteristics, but may be associated with paresthesia, facial asymmetry and also an increase in regional volume, with a predilection for the posterior region of the mandible, and may affect regions of the ramus, body and angle, as well as the maxilla. The diagnosis is aided by imaging tests such as panoramic radiography and computed tomography, with an incisional biopsy being necessary for anatomopathological analysis and confirmation of the diagnosis. Therefore, the problem of this study is: What is the most appropriate surgical technique for this type of pathology with a lower recurrence rate? The present study aimed to describe the main forms of treatment such as: Resection, enucleation, marsupialization and decompression, the latter being the most conservative. Therefore, to achieve the general objective, the following specific objectives were listed: Analyze clinical and radiographic changes, describe the forms of treatment and structure the effectiveness of the decompression technique as an initial treatment alternative. The methodology used to develop this study adopted a qualitative approach, encompassing bibliographical research based on publications in the pubmed database. This study aims to address current issues regarding the treatment of odontogenic keratocysts through a literature review, providing support based on scientific evidence that helps in the implementation of the surgical technique to promote lower morbidity and preservation of important structures.