CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS OF VASCULAR SURGERY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT

Abstract

Vascular surgery plays a crucial role in the treatment of patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA), particularly in cases of acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, where rapid intervention is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, although vascular surgery offers a promising outlook for patients' recovery, it is not free from risks and complications. Therefore, understanding and evaluating the clinical complications associated with these surgical procedures are extremely important for healthcare professionals, as they can significantly influence the patient's final result and quality of life. Objective: to analyze and summarize the clinical complications associated with vascular surgery in the treatment of stroke. The study seeks to identify the types of complications, their incidence rates and associated risk factors, in addition to providing valuable information to assist healthcare professionals in making clinical decisions and planning surgical procedures. Methodology: The literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, covering articles published in the last 10 years. The following descriptors were used: "vascular surgery", "stroke", "surgical complications", "morbidity" and "risk factors". The Inclusion Criteria were: Studies published in the last 10 years; Studies related to vascular surgery in the treatment of stroke; Studies that address clinical complications as an outcome. The Exclusion Criteria were: Studies unrelated to the topic; Studies with small samples (less than 20 patients) and Studies that do not present detailed data on clinical complications. Results: The systematic review identified a total of 15 relevant studies. The most frequent clinical complications after vascular surgery for stroke treatment included postoperative infections, secondary hemorrhages, vascular thrombosis, cardiac complications, and neurological complications. The incidence rate of these complications varied according to the type of surgical procedure and the severity of the initial stroke. Conclusion: vascular surgery in the treatment of stroke is a promising therapeutic approach, but not without risks. The clinical complications associated with these procedures are varied and can have a significant impact on patients' prognosis and quality of life. This systematic review highlights the importance of carefully considering the risks and benefits of vascular surgery in the context of stroke and provides valuable information to guide clinical practice and future research in this area. It is essential that healthcare professionals are aware of potential complications and associated risk factors to ensure a personalized and effective approach to stroke treatment.