DIAPER DERMATITIS: DERMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PEDIATRIC EVALUATION

Abstract

Diaper dermatitis is a common dermatological condition in infants and babies, characterized by an irritating rash in the diaper area. This condition, although generally benign, can cause significant discomfort for the baby and concern for the parents. Diaper dermatitis is multifactorial and can be triggered by a combination of factors, such as constant humidity, friction, contact with urine and feces, as well as the sensitivity of the child's skin. It is extremely important to understand the dermatological characteristics of this condition, as well as the appropriate pediatric evaluation for its diagnosis and management. Objective: to analyze studies published in the last 10 years, which focus on the dermatological characteristics of diaper dermatitis in infants and babies, as well as the pediatric evaluation used for the diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Methodology: The systematic review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The databases used for the research included PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science. Five descriptors were selected to ensure a comprehensive search: "diaper dermatitis", "dermatological characteristics", "pediatric evaluation", "infants" and "treatment". The Inclusion Criteria were: Studies published in the last 10 years; Studies that specifically address diaper dermatitis in infants and toddlers and Studies that describe the dermatologic characteristics of the condition or pediatric assessment methods. The Exclusion Criteria were: Studies not available in full text; Studies that do not focus on diaper dermatitis or that do not provide relevant information about its dermatological characteristics and pediatric evaluation and Studies that have not been peer-reviewed or are not from reliable sources. Results: 15 studies were selected. The systematic review identified a variety of studies describing the dermatological features of diaper dermatitis, including appearance of the lesions, severity of the rash, and associated risk factors. Furthermore, articles were found that detailed pediatric assessment methods, such as the use of severity scales and the importance of adequate medical monitoring. Conclusion: Diaper dermatitis is a common dermatological condition in infants and babies, and understanding it is essential to ensure the well-being and comfort of children. This systematic literature review brought together relevant information on the dermatological characteristics of diaper dermatitis and pediatric assessment, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective management strategies. Knowledge of these aspects contributes to the development of more informed clinical guidelines and improves the quality of life of children affected by this condition.