EVALUATION OF THE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF PEPTIC ULCEROSIS DISEASE: ENDOCRINOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition characterized by the development of ulcers in the upper digestive tract, mainly in the stomach and the first portion of the small intestine. This pathology has been associated with a series of metabolic effects that can affect the patient's health. The relationship between PUD and endocrinological changes has been the subject of study and debate in the medical community. Furthermore, surgical treatment, often necessary in the treatment of PUD, can have significant repercussions on the metabolic aspects of patients. Therefore, it is extremely important to analyze the available scientific literature to understand the metabolic effects of PUD, as well as the endocrinological evaluation strategies and surgical approaches adopted to treat this disease. Objective: to analyze and synthesize the available evidence on the metabolic effects of peptic ulcer disease, highlighting the importance of endocrinological evaluation and surgical management. We intend to investigate the main metabolic implications of PUD, identify endocrinological assessment methods used in clinical practice and examine the surgical strategies adopted to treat the disease. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between DUP, metabolism and clinical practices, contributing to the understanding and more effective management of this condition. Methodology: To conduct this systematic literature review, we followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. We carried out a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, considering articles published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used included "peptic ulcer disease", "metabolic effects", "endocrinological evaluation", "surgical management" and "treatment". Inclusion criteria were established that considered original studies, reviews and clinical trials related to the topic of PUD and its metabolic effects. The exclusion criteria covered studies with non-representative samples, case reports and articles not fully available. Results: Our analysis covered the following main topics: metabolic effects of peptic ulcer disease, including changes in the metabolism of fatty acids, glucose and gastrointestinal hormones; Endocrinological assessment methods used to monitor patients with PUD, such as measuring hormones related to gastric and pancreatic function; Surgical management in peptic ulcer disease and its implications for metabolic effects, including the choice between procedures such as vagotomy and gastrectomy. Conclusion: the systematic review revealed that peptic ulcer disease is associated with a series of metabolic effects, including hormonal dysfunctions and changes in nutrient metabolism. Endocrinological assessment plays a crucial role in identifying and managing these changes. Furthermore, surgical management in PUD, when necessary, can significantly affect the metabolic status of patients. These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, targeting not only the healing of ulcers, but also the metabolic balance and general well-being of patients.