THE IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN AFTER MASTECTOMY SURGERY

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the impact of total or radical mastectomy on the quality of life of women who developed breast cancer. Method: it was a descriptive exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. The inclusion criteria to participate in this study were: women aged 40 to 60 years who had a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer, underwent total or radical mastectomy surgery. The collection of information took place in August, through a virtual questionnaire, sent online. The women were invited to participate in the research through a virtual Facebook group exclusively for women with mastectomy. The technique used for data analysis was Content Analysis, based on Moraes. Results: Forty women participated in the study. From the results obtained from the testimonies of the participants, 5 categories were elaborated: Feelings experienced when knowing the need for mastectomy; Necessary care after mastectomy; The mastectomized woman's self-body image; Changes in the routine of post-mastectomy women and the process of coping with mastectomy. Considerations: The quality of life of mastectomized women suffers influences in the biopsychosocial sphere from the moment they receive the news of the need to undergo a mastectomy. They need to follow orientations about certain cares that influence their routine, culminating in changes of habits that are important for a quick recovery and without complications.  This adaptation process also implies in their bodies self-image, which interferes with their self-esteem, especially regarding their sexuality. The process of coping for women facing a mastectomy is of utmost importance, because it helps in overcoming and accepting the adaptations imposed by the procedure and, in this process, the role of the nurse is significant, because it contributes with clarifications of the rehabilitation process and the emotional strengthening of these women in order to restore their self-esteem and develop positive skills facing their new reality of life.