SCIENTIFIC OVERVIEW OF ORAL CANCER: TRENDS, GAPS, AND ADVANCES IN BIOMARKERS AND EMERGING THERAPIES

Abstract

Oral cancer is a significant public health issue, characterized by high morbidity and mortality, particularly due to late diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze scientific trends, knowledge gaps, and advances related to oral cancer, with emphasis on academic production, biomarkers, and emerging therapeutic approaches. This is an integrative literature review conducted through searches in the SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases, considering publications from 2015 to 2025. The results showed that scientific production has increased; however, it remains unevenly distributed among countries and institutions. Knowledge gaps were identified, particularly regarding limited dissemination of information, insufficient professional training, and weaknesses in prevention and early diagnosis strategies. Additionally, advances in the use of salivary biomarkers and innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence and biosensors, were observed, demonstrating potential to improve screening and clinical management of the disease. It is concluded that addressing oral cancer requires integration between research, clinical practice, and public health policies, with emphasis on prevention, early diagnosis, and the incorporation of technological innovations.