FELINE VIRAL LEUKEMIA: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This study aimed to review the main aspects of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV), an infectious disease caused by a retrovirus that affects domestic cats and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the species. The methodology consisted of a literature review on the etiology, modes of infection, clinical stages, transmission routes, diagnosis, prevention, and risk factors of the disease. The infection can progress in an abortive, regressive, progressive, or focal manner, directly impacting the clinical prognosis. Transmission primarily occurs through saliva during close contact between felines, and is more frequent in animals with access to the outdoors or that live in high-density populations. Diagnosis is performed using tests such as immunochromatography, ELISA, and PCR. The main findings highlight that prevention is based on early testing, vaccination, and environmental control. It is concluded that identifying risk factors and adopting preventive measures are essential for controlling FeLV, contributing to feline health and reducing its spread.