LATE DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN ADULTS: IMPACTS ON MENTAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE

Abstract

This article aimed to analyze the repercussions of late diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) on the mental health and quality of life of adults, considering factors associated with diagnostic delay and experiences before and after recognition of the condition. This integrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and LILACS databases, covering publications from January 2016 to September 2026. Eight primary studies were included. The results identified an association between diagnosis at an older age and a higher occurrence of psychiatric conditions, as well as previous diagnoses, social camouflaging strategies, and difficulties in recognizing ASD, particularly among women. Repercussions on quality of life were also identified, along with reports of feelings of being different, isolation, and difficulties understanding personal experiences before diagnosis. Following ASD diagnosis, greater self-understanding, reinterpretation of life experiences, and self-acceptance were reported. It is concluded that late diagnosis has heterogeneous repercussions and should be understood from a multifactorial perspective, considering mental health, quality of life, and the need for individualized support.