AVALIAÇÕES DE PRESENÇAS PATOLÓGICAS EM PROJETOS DE ALVENARIA ESTRUTURAL: MODULAÇÕES E EFEITOS

Abstract

The modulation proposed in the structural masonry project will have an impact on all phases of the project, as it simplifies the execution of the project, standardizes the types of materials and procedures that will be used in the construction, improves production control and precision in the execution of the work. , in addition to reducing problems with the connection between components, elements and the complete system. Thinking about the problems of this type of work, the objective of this work is to present the possible pathologies that may compromise one or more functions in the structural masonry of a building, and thus propose preventive and mitigating techniques related to the modular detailing of the structure. To carry out this work, it was studied through a literature review the theme about possible anomalies that may compromise one or more functions in the structural masonry of a building. For this, materials in the form of books, articles and gray literature (theses, dissertations, papers presented at congresses, reports, etc.) were used. With the study carried out, it was possible to understand that in Brazil there are already many works being carried out in structural masonry, and despite this construction system being very old, the increasing use of new materials and construction techniques shows a high frequency of defects. in buildings. The occurrence of anomalies problems in structures cause a reduction in the useful life of buildings, which are linked to the performance of materials or structural components of the work. These problems present particular external manifestations, from which it is possible to understand the nature, origin and mechanisms of the phenomena involved, as well as to estimate their probable consequences. Among the most common pathological manifestations in structural masonry are the formation of efflorescence, water penetration into the facade, displacement of coating and cracking, the last being the most frequent. It is very important that the material and equipment used in the structural masonry are of good quality, the workforce must be trained and aware of the responsibility involved in the execution of the masonry. Another fundamental factor is the constant inspection by the masters, supervisors, interns, engineering assistants and engineers.