MAIN CAUSES OF BEEF COW CULLING ON FARMS IN THE WESTERN MICROREGION OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL

Abstract

Beef cattle farming plays an important role in Brazilian agriculture, with the reproductive efficiency of breeding cows being a factor related to the productivity of breeding systems. This study aimed to identify the main causes for culling beef breeding cows on farms in Guaraniaçu, Diamante do Sul, and Catanduvas, Paraná. Field research was conducted, applied in nature, with a predominantly quantitative approach and a descriptive-exploratory character, involving 25 farms. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire, applied in person to the farmers, covering productive characteristics, management, health and reproductive aspects, and reasons for culling. Reproductive failure was the most frequently reported cause, present in 23 farms (92.0%), followed by old age, in 20 (80.0%), and low productivity, in 17 (68.0%). As the main cause in the last year, reproductive failure stood out, indicated by 12 producers (48.0%). Body condition was related to culling by 15 producers (60.0%). The results show a predominance of reproductive, age-related, and productivity factors, emphasizing the importance of monitoring the performance of breeding cows for decision-making in the production system.