COVID-19 AND AUTOIMMUNE NEUROPATHIES: AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP WITH GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME

Abstract

This article aimed to understand and analyze the pathophysiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and to investigate the relationship between the disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed, LILACS, and CAPES databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in the selection of 24 relevant studies to support this work. The analyses revealed a consistent association between GBS and COVID-19, reflected in the rise in cases during the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 infection can trigger an abnormal immune response, contributing to the development of GBS in infected patients. Despite the evident association between COVID-19 and GBS, the immunological mechanisms underlying this relationship have not yet been fully elucidated. Further studies are essential to deepen understanding of the disease's subtypes, refine diagnosis, and improve therapeutic and clinical management strategies.