FELINE SPOROTRICHOSIS IN BRAZIL: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EXPANSION, THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGES, AND PERSPECTIVES ON PHYTOTHERAPY AS AN ADJUVANT APPROACH

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the clinical, epidemiological, and zoonotic aspects of feline sporotrichosis, the limitations of conventional treatment, and the potential of natural products as adjuvant therapeutic strategies. A narrative literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted using publications available in scientific databases and platforms, primarily from 2020 to 2026. The literature indicates an expansion of sporotrichosis across different Brazilian regions, including a recent increase in cases in northern Brazil, associated with socioeconomic vulnerabilities, limitations in epidemiological surveillance, and underreporting. Itraconazole remains the main therapeutic option; however, prolonged treatment, adverse effects, administration difficulties, and therapeutic failures may compromise treatment effectiveness. Plant-derived products, including extracts and essential oils, have shown promising antifungal activity against Sporothrix species. Nevertheless, potential antagonistic interactions with conventional antifungal agents highlight the need for further investigation. Effective sporotrichosis control requires integrated surveillance, improved access to treatment, and the development of safe and effective adjuvant therapeutic strategies.