THE ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN THE PREVENTION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative condition capable of causing pain, functional limitations, and significant socioeconomic impact. Methodology: This Final Course Project presents an integrative review conducted in the PubMed and BVS databases, encompassing publications between 2009 and 2025, with the objective of analyzing the role of physiotherapy in the primary and secondary prevention of the disease. Studies addressing preventive physiotherapy interventions, such as exercise programs, educational strategies, and biomechanical resources, were included. Results: The results demonstrate consensus regarding the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise—especially strengthening, functional training, aerobic activities, hydrotherapy, and mind-body practices—in reducing pain, improving mobility, and delaying structural progression. Educational strategies and the control of risk factors, such as obesity and joint overload, emerge as indispensable components of prevention. Conclusion: It is concluded that physiotherapy constitutes a central, safe, and effective intervention in the preventive care of knee osteoarthritis, highlighting the need for individualized and evidence-based protocols.