DENTAL FORENSICS IN CASES OF VIOLENCE: THE ROLE OF THE FORENSIC DENTIST IN THE ANALYSIS OF VIOLENCE CASES, INCLUDING VICTIM IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINING THE CAUSE OF INJURIES

Abstract

Introduction: Forensic dentistry plays a fundamental role in victim identification and injury analysis in cases of violence, such as sexual abuse, domestic violence, and mass disasters. Techniques such as palatal rugoscopy and DNA analysis are used in extreme situations, allowing accurate identification even under adverse conditions. Objective: To analyze the role of the forensic dentist in the collection and interpretation of evidence, highlighting the importance of ethics, professional responsibility, and technical knowledge in forensic dentistry. Methodology: A bibliographic review was conducted using the SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS databases, covering publications from 2020 to 2025, with specific descriptors related to forensic dentistry. Results: The findings show that forensic dentistry is crucial to ensuring reliable reports, requiring ongoing training and collaboration with other health and legal sectors. Discussion: Beyond identification, the forensic dentist contributes to reconstructing the dynamics of aggression, making protocol standardization and ethical and technical training of professionals essential. Final Considerations: When well-structured, forensic dentistry significantly contributes to justice and the defense of victims' rights. Professional development, ethical sensitivity, and multidisciplinary collaboration are key pillars for effective and humanized forensic dental practice.