SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: IMPACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN RISK SITUATIONS

Abstract

This article sought to analyze the main social determinants of health (SDH) and their impacts on the development of children and adolescents at risk, highlighting the implications for public health and possible intervention strategies. The work assessed, through an integrative literature review, how factors such as poverty, violence, food insecurity, housing insecurity and limited access to health and education services negatively influence the physical, cognitive, emotional and social growth of these individuals. The review showed that exposure to adverse environments is associated with greater risks of psychosocial disorders, learning difficulties and the development of chronic diseases, perpetuating inequalities and increasing vulnerabilities. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these challenges, reinforcing the need for intersectoral public policies that promote equity and social inclusion. The study concluded that although SDHs represent a significant challenge, adopting strategic measures, such as strengthening community support networks and expanding access to essential services, can mitigate their negative effects, ensuring healthier and more equitable development for children and adolescents at risk.