PERIPHERAL OBSTRUCTIVE ARTERIAL DISEASE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is a chronic vascular condition that results from the progressive obstruction of the arteries that supply the limbs, especially the lower limbs. This obstruction is mainly caused by atherosclerosis, a condition in which plaques formed by fat, calcium and other components accumulate in the arterial walls, leading to narrowing of the lumen and reduced blood flow. This literature review gathered articles published in the last five years in the PUBMED database aiming to review clinical aspects and risk factors of peripheral arterial occlusive disease, such as its diagnosis, treatment, complications and prognosis. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease is a prevalent and debilitating condition that requires early diagnosis and appropriate management to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Preventive strategies, together with targeted therapies, are essential to reduce disease progression and prevent serious complications. Individualized treatment, based on clinical evaluation and response to interventions, is essential for therapeutic success in patients with PAOD.