SURGICAL MANAGEMENT AND METABOLIC HEALTH OUTCOMES AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Obesity is a global public health condition, associated with a series of metabolic, cardiovascular and other complications. Bariatric surgery has emerged as an effective intervention for weight loss and improving metabolic conditions in obese patients. Surgical management in this context plays a crucial role in determining postoperative metabolic health outcomes. Understanding how different surgical approaches impact metabolic outcomes is critical to guide clinical practice and improve long-term outcomes for patients. Objective: This systematic literature review seeks to analyze and synthesize available data on the relationship between surgical management in bariatric surgery and metabolic health outcomes, providing valuable insights for clinical practice and future research. Methodology: Using the PRISMA checklist, searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases, considering articles published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used were "bariatric surgery", "surgical management", "metabolic health", "metabolic results" and "obesity". Three inclusion criteria were: original studies, published in English or Portuguese, that investigated the relationship between surgical conduct and metabolic results after bariatric surgery. Three exclusion criteria were: studies in languages ​​other than English and Portuguese, narrative reviews and studies with samples smaller than 20 patients. Results: Analysis of selected studies revealed a variety of surgical approaches used in bariatric surgery, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and adjustable gastric banding. Key topics covered included remission rates of type 2 diabetes, changes in lipid levels and inflammatory markers post-surgery, and impact on insulin resistance. Conclusion: Surgical management plays a significant role in metabolic health outcomes after bariatric surgery. Understanding the effects of different surgical approaches is essential to optimizing outcomes and improving patient care.