PROTECTIONISM AND PHYTOSANITARY BARRIERS: IMPACTS ON BRAZILIAN EXPORTS

Abstract

This article analyzes protectionism in international trade, highlighting its forms of application, impacts and implications for Brazil. Based on concrete examples — such as Argentina's tariff and non-tariff barriers and the sanitary restrictions imposed by the European Union on Brazilian pork it is discussed how apparently technical measures can act as disguised trade barriers. The study shows that, despite the international recognition of the Brazilian health system, blockades persist for political and economic reasons. It is concluded that the adoption of scientific criteria, greater transparency and international cooperation are essential to ensure a fairer and more balanced trade.