DEATHS FROM DENGUE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PARANÁ AND THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL OVERVIEW

Abstract

Dengue, an arbovirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti, has become one of the major public health challenges in Brazil since the 1990s. This study investigated dengue mortality in Brazil from 2020 to 2024, with a special focus on the state of Paraná, which showed a significant increase in the number of deaths, particularly in 2024. Using data from the Hospital Information System of the SUS (SIH-SUS) and other sources, the analysis revealed regional disparities in mortality: the Southeast and South regions recorded the highest number of deaths, while the North and Northeast showed lower rates. It was observed that mortality is especially high among the elderly, reinforcing age as a relevant risk factor. Additionally, contrary to common assumptions, no direct correlation was found between mortality and temperature, indicating the presence of additional factors in the disease dynamics. Analyses by sex, race, and color showed that most deaths are proportionally distributed according to Brazilian demographics, although a sub-representation of Black and Pardo populations was observed in Paraná. The results suggest the need for public health policies that consider regional and demographic specificities, emphasizing prevention in more vulnerable groups and prioritizing assistance in regions with limited infrastructure. It is concluded that a multidimensional, evidence-based approach is essential to address dengue morbidity and mortality, promoting a more effective and equitable public health response.