FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES: THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY HABITS AND ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with early childhood caries, emphasizing the influence of dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and family and socioeconomic determinants. This study consisted of a literature review based on the analysis of 12 scientific studies published between 2021 and 2026. The results showed that early exposure to sugar, frequent consumption of sugary foods and beverages, and inadequate oral hygiene practices are associated with the occurrence of the disease. Associations were also identified between caries experience, parents’ or caregivers’ oral health knowledge, supervised toothbrushing, and families’ socioeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the studies highlighted that social inequalities and limited access to dental services may hinder the adoption of preventive measures. It is concluded that preventing early childhood caries requires an integrated approach involving healthy eating habits, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste, oral health education, and early dental follow-up. Strengthening family involvement and public health promotion policies is essential to reduce the occurrence of the disease and improve children’s quality of life.