ORAL REHABILITATION USING DENTAL CERAMICS

Abstract

Oral rehabilitation with dental ceramics has advanced with the evolution of biomaterials, minimally invasive approaches, and digital technologies. This study aimed to analyze the scientific evidence on the clinical performance of dental ceramics in fixed prosthetic restorative procedures, considering the materials, restorative modalities, factors associated with failures, and technological trends. An integrative literature review was conducted through searches in the PubMed and BVS/LILACS databases, including studies published between 2020 and 2026, with free full-text availability and conducted in humans. After the selection process, 11 studies were included and analyzed qualitatively, narratively, and comparatively. The results demonstrated favorable clinical performance of ceramic restorations, particularly lithium disilicate, which showed consistent survival and longevity outcomes, including follow-up periods of up to 16.9 years. Zirconia and CAD/CAM systems also demonstrated favorable results. Minimally invasive approaches showed potential for preserving dental structure, while digital workflows contributed to the planning of complex rehabilitations. Despite the favorable outcomes, complications such as fractures, chipping, debonding, wear, and adhesive failures were observed. It is concluded that dental ceramics represent predictable restorative alternatives, with treatment success depending on appropriate material selection, clinical indication, individualized planning, and proper execution of the restorative technique.