ORAL MANIFESTATIONS AND DENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article aimed to review the scientific literature on the main oral manifestations associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), as well as to discuss their clinical implications and the role of dentists in the dental management of these patients. This is a literature review based on articles indexed in the PubMed, BVS, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases, published between 2015 and 2025, using the descriptors “chronic renal failure,” “oral health,” and “oral manifestations.” The studies analyzed showed that approximately 90% of patients with CKD present some type of oral alteration, with xerostomia, periodontal disease, candidiasis, mucosal pallor, metallic taste, uremic odor, and increased dental calculus formation being the most common. These manifestations are mainly associated with hyposalivation, metabolic and immune alterations, and prolonged medication use. In addition, the literature indicates a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and CKD, characterized by the influence of systemic inflammation on the progression of renal dysfunction. It is concluded that the integrated involvement of dentists in the multidisciplinary healthcare team is essential for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of oral alterations, contributing to the quality of life and comprehensive care of these patients.