INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES: FROM PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY TO METABOLIC INTERVENTION

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a complex chronic disease that requires multifaceted therapeutic approaches for its effective management. This integrative literature review investigated innovative approaches to the treatment of type 2 diabetes, focusing on pharmacological therapy and metabolic intervention. The results revealed a variety of promising interventions, including recent pharmacological therapies such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors, which have demonstrated efficacy in reducing blood glucose levels and controlling weight, as well as offering additional benefits in reducing of cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, metabolic interventions, such as calorie restriction and intermittent fasting, have shown potential to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce visceral fat in patients with type 2 diabetes. The integration of these approaches, combining pharmacological therapies and metabolic interventions, emerges as a promising strategy to optimize the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, more research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action, long-term efficacy and safety of these interventions, as well as to identify predictive biomarkers of treatment response. Ultimately, an integrated and personalized, evidence-based, patient-centered approach is essential to maximize the benefits of innovative approaches to treating type 2 diabetes.