APPLICATION OF CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PERIAPICAL LESIONS

Abstract

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has expanded the resources available for diagnostic imaging in Endodontics, particularly in view of the inherent limitations of two-dimensional methods. This study aimed to analyze the application of CBCT in the diagnosis of periapical lesions, considering its contributions, limitations, and indications. A descriptive narrative literature review was conducted based on studies published between 2016 and 2026. The analysis showed that CBCT has a high capacity for detecting periapical alterations and provides three-dimensional information regarding their dimensions, relationship with anatomical structures, and characteristics relevant to treatment planning and follow-up. However, greater detection of alterations does not necessarily represent diagnostic superiority in all situations. The findings reinforce the importance of combining information obtained from imaging examinations with clinical assessment, as well as selecting the imaging method according to the needs of each case. It is concluded that CBCT is a complementary tool in the diagnosis of periapical lesions, particularly when conventional methods do not provide sufficient information for decision-making, and its use should therefore be individualized and justified.